ChatGPT for shaping the future of dentistry: the potential of multi-modal large language model / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

The ChatGPT, a lite and conversational variant of Generative Pretrained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) developed by OpenAI, is one of the milestone Large Language Models (LLMs) with billions of parameters. LLMs have stirred up much interest among researchers and practitioners in their impressive skills in natural language processing tasks, which profoundly impact various fields. This paper mainly discusses the future applications of LLMs in dentistry. We introduce two primary LLM deployment methods in dentistry, including automated dental diagnosis and cross-modal dental diagnosis, and examine their potential applications. Especially, equipped with a cross-modal encoder, a single LLM can manage multi-source data and conduct advanced natural language reasoning to perform complex clinical operations. We also present cases to demonstrate the potential of a fully automatic Multi-Modal LLM AI system for dentistry clinical application. While LLMs offer significant potential benefits, the challenges, such as data privacy, data quality, and model bias, need further study. Overall, LLMs have the potential to revolutionize dental diagnosis and treatment, which indicates a promising avenue for clinical application and research in dentistry.

Resveratrol and Sir2 Reverse Sleep and Memory Defects Induced by Amyloid Precursor Protein / 神经科学通报·英文版

Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic phytochemical, has been suggested as a putative anti-aging molecule for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by the activation of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1/Sir2). In this study, we tested the effects of RES and Sirt1/Sir2 on sleep and courtship memory in a Drosophila model by overexpression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), whose duplications and mutations cause familial AD. We found a mild but significant transcriptional increase of Drosophila Sir2 (dSir2) by RES supplementation for up to 17 days in APP flies, but not for 7 days. RES and dSir2 almost completely reversed the sleep and memory deficits in APP flies. We further demonstrated that dSir2 acts as a sleep promotor in Drosophila neurons. Interestingly, RES increased sleep in the absence of dSir2 in dSir2-null mutants, and RES further enhanced sleep when dSir2 was either overexpressed or knocked down in APP flies. Finally, we showed that Aβ aggregates in APP flies were reduced by RES and dSir2, probably via inhibiting Drosophila β-secretase (dBACE). Our data suggest that RES rescues the APP-induced behavioral deficits and Aβ burden largely, but not exclusively, via dSir2.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Aristolochic Acids in Aristolochia cinnabarina Dried Root Tubers by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To establish a qualitative and quantitative method for the determination of aristolochic acids in <italic>Aristolochia cinnabarina</italic> dried root tubers. Method:The dried root tubers of <italic>A. cinnabarina </italic>was qualitative and quantitative analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS）. The analysis was performed on Waters ACQUITY UPLC-BEH C₁₈ column （ 2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.7 μm） with the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B） for gradient elution （0-1 min， 10%B； 1-9 min， 10%-30%B； 9-11 min， 30%-50%B； 11-15 min， 50%-90%B）. The flow rate was 0.45 mL·min^-1， column temperature was 35 ℃， and the detection wavelength was 250 nm. Mass spectral data was acquired in positive mode of electrospray ionization （ESI）. At the same time， the UPLC fingerprints of aristolochic acids in 21 batches of <italic>A. cinnabarina</italic> dried root tubers were established， and the contents of 5 aristolochic acids in <italic>A. cinnabarina</italic> dried root tubers from different producing areas and different harvesting periods were determined. Result:A total of 17 compounds， including 8 aristolochic acids， 7 aristololactams and 2 4，5-dioxoaporphine alkaloids， were identified from <italic>A. cinnabarina</italic> dried root tubers by mass spectrometry data and bibliographic information. Ten common peaks were identified in the UPLC fingerprint， and they were tuberosinone-<italic>N</italic>-<italic>β</italic>-<italic>D</italic>-glucoside， aristolactam Ⅰa-<italic>N</italic>-<italic>β</italic>-<italic>D</italic>-glucoside， aristolochic acid Ⅳa-<italic>O</italic>-<italic>β</italic>-<italic>D</italic>-glucoside， aristolactam Ⅲa-<italic>N</italic>-<italic>β</italic>-<italic>D</italic>-glucoside， aristolactam Ⅰ-<italic>N</italic>-<italic>β</italic>-<italic>D</italic>-glucoside， aristolochic acid Ⅲa， aristolochic acid Ⅳa， aristolochic acid Ⅱ， aristolactam Ⅰ and aristolochic acid Ⅰ. According to the quantitative analysis， the results exhibited that aristolochic acid Ⅲa， aristolochic acid Ⅳa， aristolochic acid Ⅱ， aristolactam Ⅰ and aristolochic acid Ⅰ had good linear relationships in the linear range. The relative standard deviations （RSDs） of precision， stability and reproducibility tests were all less than 3.0%， the recovery was 97.06%-101.84% （RSD<3.0%）. The contents of aristolochic acid Ⅰ， aristolochic acid Ⅱ， aristolochic acid Ⅲa， aristolochic acid Ⅳa， and aristolactam Ⅰ in 21 batches of <italic>A. cinnabarina</italic> dried root tubers were 0.938 6-3.567 5， 1.377 6-3.688 1， 0.056 3-0.527 7， 0.108 8-0.305 5， 0.021 0-0.081 7 mg·g^-1， respectively. Conclusion:The content of aristolochic acids in <italic>A. cinnabarina</italic> dried root tubers has a certain difference， the contents of aristolochic acid Ⅰ and Ⅱ are higher than other aristolochic acids. The established method is rapid， simple， accurate and reliable， which can provide reference for the quality control and evaluation of <italic>A. cinnabarina</italic> dried root tubers.

Research progress of aristolochic acids and their biomarkers / 药学学报

Aristolochic acids (AAs) are widely distributed in Aristolochiaceae, and are important toxic components in medicinal plants of Aristolochiaceae. As one of the most powerful carcinogens in the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB), AAs can induce hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and other adverse reaction. AAs also can produce a series of metabolites such as AA-DNA adducts in the body, and their specific metabolites can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. Thus, the current discovery for technical means that can quickly and accurately detect biomarkers possesses significant research value. AAs can be attenuated by processing, compatibility, molecular breeding, and other methods to improve the clinical safety of Chinese medicine containing AAs. In this review, we report the distribution of AAs, attenuation strategies and biomarker detection. We would like to provide a reference for the quality control of AAs-containing Chinese medicines, as well as for the prevention and control of diseases caused by AAs.

Advances on Collection and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality globally, which is the biggest menace to the health and life of the population. Screening and early detection of lung cancer are effective in reducing its mortality, and the measurement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has become a promising clinical means for early detection, course detection and prognosis management of lung cancer, with advantages of rapid speed, non-invasiveness and convenience. Now, a variety of VOCs collection ways and analysis methods have emerged at home and abroad. This report summarized three aspects, including VOCs collection, multiple methods of analysis and progress in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. At last, we discussed the limitations and prospects of VOCs analysis.
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Multi-biomarker strategy for prediction of myocardial dysfunction and mortality in sepsis / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

OBJECTIVE@#The present study was to evaluate the feasibility of using the multi-biomarker strategy for the prediction of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) and mortality in septic patients.@*METHODS@#Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (h-FABP) in 147 septic patients were assayed within 6 h after admission. We also determined the plasma levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the best cutoff values of various single-biomarkers for the diagnosis of SIMD and the prediction of mortality. Also, the ROC curve, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) indices were used to evaluate the feasibility of using multi-biomarkers to predict SIMD and mortality.@*RESULTS@#Our statistics revealed that only h-FABP independently predicted SIMD (P0.05). A history of shock and MPO were independent predictors of mortality in septic patients (both P0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The findings of this study indicate that a sensitive and specific strategy for early diagnosis of SIMD and mortality prediction in sepsis should incorporate three biomarkers.

MicroRNAs of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes regulate acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferation and apoptosis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant hematological disease, originating from hematopoiesis stem cell differentiation obstruction and clonal proliferation. New reagents or biologicals for the treatment of AML are urgently needed, and exosomes have been identified as candidate biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on AML cells as well as the underlying microRNA (miRNA)-mediated mechanisms.@*METHODS@#Exosomes were isolated using a precipitation method, followed by validation using marker protein expression and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by deep RNA sequencing and confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Cell proliferation was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium inner salt method, and cell cycle progression and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Functional gene expression was analyzed by qPCR and Western blotting (WB). Significant differences were determined using Student's t test or analysis of variance.@*RESULTS@#BMSCs-derived exosomes effectively suppressed cell proliferation (both P < 0.0001 at 10 and 20 μg/mL) and cell cycle progression (P < 0.01 at G0-G1 stage), and also significantly enhanced cell apoptosis (P < 0.001) in KG-1a cells. There were 1167 differentially expressed miRNAs obtained from BMSCs-derived exosomes compared with KG-1a cell-derived exosomes (P < 0.05). Knockdown of hsa-miR-124-5p in BMSCs abrogated the effects of BMSCs-derived exosomes in regulating KG-1a such as the change in cell proliferation (both P < 0.0001 vs. normal KG-1a cell [NC] at 48 and 72 h). KG-1a cells treated with BMSCs-derived exosomes suppressed expression of structural maintenance of chromosomes 4 (P < 0.001 vs. NC by qPCR and P < 0.0001 vs. NC by WB), which is associated with the progression of various cancers. This BMSCs-derived exosomes effect was significantly reversed with knockdown of hsa-miR-124-5p (P < 0.0001 vs. NC by WB).@*CONCLUSIONS@#BMSCs-derived exosomes suppress cell proliferation and cycle progression and promote cell apoptosis in KG-1a cells, likely acting through hsa-miR-124-5p. Our study establishes a basis for a BMSCs-derived exosomes-based AML treatment.

Efficacy of TEAS for general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) for general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing in the patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.@*Methods@#Forty patients of both sexes, aged 18-67 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ, with Mallampati physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective thoracoscopic lobectomy, were divided into 2 groups (n=20 each) using a random number table method: general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing group (group GS) and TEAS plus general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing group (group TE+ GS). Anesthesia was routinely induced and maintained, a laryngeal mask was placed, and patients kept spontaneous breathing in two groups.The bispectral index value was maintained at 45-60.Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia was used after operation, and visual analogue scale score was maintained<4 points.In group TE+ GS, Xinshu and Feishu acupoints ipsilateral to the operated side and bilateral Hegu and Neiguan acupoints were stimulated with a disperse-dense wave, frequency 2/100 Hz and intensity 5-15 mA starting from 30 min before anesthesia induction until the end of surgery.The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were recorded before induction of anesthesia, immediately after start of operation, during thoracic exploration, immediate after lobectomy , and at 30 min and 1 h after lobectomy.The intraoperative MAP, HR, and RR were recorded when clinically significant events occurred in two groups.Central venous blood samples were simultaneously collected for determination of concentrations of cortisol, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and blood glucose in serum (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The highest value of PETCO2, the lowest value of SpO2, and consumption of anesthetic drugs were recorded.Duration of post-anesthesia care unit stay, time to first flatus, ambulation time, occurrence of nausea and vomiting, chest tube drainage time, development of surgical complications, length of postoperative hospital stay and hospitalization expenses were recorded.@*Results@#MAP, HR and RR all fluctuated within the normal range, and no clinically significant events occurred in two groups.Compared with group GS, the highest value of PETCO2 was significantly decreased, the lowest value of SpO2 was increased, the MAP and HR were decreased, the consumption of propofol and remifentanil was decreased, the cortisol, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and blood glucose concentrations in serum were decreased, the time to first flatus, ambulation time, chest tube drainage time and length of postoperative hospital stay were shortened, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting and hospitalization expenses were decreased in group TE+ GS (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#TEAS can reduce the amount of opioids consumed in the perioperative period, effectively inhibits intraoperative stress responses, and is helpful in improving the early outcomes when used for general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing in the patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.

Efficacy of TEAS for general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) for general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing in the patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.Methods Forty patients of both sexes,aged 18-67 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,with Mallampati physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective thoracoscopic lobectomy,were divided into 2 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table method:general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing group (group GS) and TEAS plus general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing group (group TE+GS).Anesthesia was routinely induced and maintained,a laryngeal mask was placed,and patients kept spontaneous breathing in two groups.The bispectral index value was maintained at 45-60.Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia was used after operation,and visual analogue scale score was maintained＜4 points.In group TE+GS,Xinshu and Feishu acupoints ipsilateral to the operated side and bilateral Hegu and Neiguan acupoints were stimulated with a disperse-dense wave,frequency 2/100 Hz and intensity 5-15 mA starting from 30 min before anesthesia induction until the end of surgery.The mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were recorded before induction of anesthesia,immediately after start of operation,during thoracic exploration,immediate after lobectomy,and at 30 min and 1 h after lobectomy.The intraoperative MAP,HR,and RR were recorded when clinically significant events occurred in two groups.Central venous blood samples were simultaneously collected for determination of concentrations of cortisol,norepinephrine,epinephrine,and blood glucose in serum (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).The highest value of PETCO2,the lowest value of SpO2,and consumption of anesthetic drugs were recorded.Duration of post-anesthesia care unit stay,time to first flatus,ambulation time,occurrence of nausea and vomiting,chest tube drainage time,development of surgical complications,length of postoperative hospital stay and hospitalization expenses were recorded.Results MAP,HR and RR all fluctuated within the normal range,and no clinically significant events occurred in two groups.Compared with group GS,the highest value of PETCO2 was significantly decreased,the lowest value of SpO2 was increased,the MAP and HR were decreased,the consumption of propofol and remifentanil was decreased,the cortisol,norepinephrine,epinephrine,and blood glucose concentrations in serum were decreased,the time to first flatus,ambulation time,chest tube drainage time and length of postoperative hospital stay were shortened,and the incidence of nausea and vomiting and hospitalization expenses were decreased in group TE +GS (P＜0.05).Conclusion TEAS can reduce the amount of opioids consumed in the perioperative period,effectively inhibits intraoperative stress responses,and is helpful in improving the early outcomes when used for general anesthesia preserving spontaneous breathing in the patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.

MMP Inhibitor Ilomastat Improves Survival of Mice Exposed to γ-Irradiation / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

There is still a need for better protection against or mitigation of the effects of ionizing radiation following conventional radiotherapy or accidental exposure. The objective of our current study was to investigate the possible roles of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, ilomastat, in the protection of mice from total body radiation (TBI), and the underlying protective mechanisms. Ilomastat treatment increased the survival of mice after TBI. Ilomastat pretreatment promoted recovery of hematological and immunological cells in mice after 6 Gy γ-ray TBI. Our findings suggest the potential of ilomastat to protect against or mitigate the effects of radiation.

Application of transparent supervision in the multidrug-resistant organism management / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective@#To explore the practice and effect of transparent supervision in the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO).@*Methods@#Transparent supervision was introduced to intervene into the MDRO management of monitored departments. Such transparent supervision was aided by IT means, and transparent MDRO control indexes. These indexes included hand hygiene compliance rate, qualification rate of ATP detection of environmental object surface, implementation rate of main MDRO prevention and control measures, MDRO resistance rate, and nosocomial infection incidence. The data before and after the intervention were compared by Chi square test to evaluation the effect.@*Results@#After intervention, the hand hygiene compliance rate increased from 49.83% to 65.61% (χ2=47.389, P<0.001), and the qualification rate of ATP detection of environmental object surface increased from 48.50% to 83.33% (χ2=96.115, P<0.001). Meanwhile, such indexes as prescription of patient isolation, placement of isolation identifiers and that of specialized bedside equipments increased significantly(P<0.001). The MDRO detection rate decreased from 75.08% to 63.31% (χ2=28.123, P<0.001), and the incidence of nosocomial infection decreased from 4.77% to 3.47%(χ2=20.303, P<0.001).@*Conclusions@#The practice of transparent supervision could reduce the risk of MDRO transmission at hospitals effectively, proving its importance in ensuring medical quality and patient safety.

Building the IT Operation and Maintenance Service System Based on ITIL / 医学信息学杂志

Taking Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital as an example,the paper analyzes its information technology operation and maintenance situation and existing problems,introduces the operation and maintenance system and application effect based on the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) from the aspects like standardization of operation regulations,building of operation and maintenance process and perfection of operation and maintenance records to provide reference for the management of information technology operation and maintenance in large hospitals.

Application prospect and value of finite element modeling in lumbar spondylolysis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: With the continuous development of finite element method in biomechanics of orthopedics, the study of spine-related diseases by finite element method has become the main research direction nowadays. Especially, the stress analysis of internal fixation of the spine, the mechanical effect of different internal fixation and the development of new internal fixation are the current hot spot. Spondylolysis is a common disease of the spine. Especially when anatomical bone defects occur, the pathological model and biomechanics of the spine after surgery have corresponding mechanical changes. OBJECTIVE: To review the method of establishing spondylolysis models, the verification of the models and the pplication of finite element models of spondylolysis in various fields, and to summarize the application prospect and value of finite element modeling in lumbar spondylolysis. METHODS: The first author used computer to search the PubMed database and China Journal Full-text Database from January 1998 to December 2016 for related articles. Key words were "finite element, lumbar spine, isthmus, model". A total of 123 related articles were retrieved and 53 articles met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At present, finite element analysis of spondylolysis can well reflect the mechanical condition of internal bone. The finite element model of spondylolysis can be used to evaluate the structure and shape of lumbar spine (such as the defect isthmus), the material properties of different anatomical sites (lamina terminalis, cancellated bone and cortical bone) as well as the load of the spine under different exercise states. In particular, stress analysis of the internal structure of the vertebral body and the ancillary structures of the spine (such as disc and articular process) has obvious advantages. (2) In addition, the reconstruction data of the finite element model are derived from the original CT of the patient,and the simulation is high.Compared with the in vitro experiments,the finite element simulation of spondylolysis is reliable and can reduce the damage to the experimental subjects caused by external forces and radiation, and can effectively avoid medical ethics problem.

JMT-1: a novel, spherical lytic halotolerant phage isolated from Yuncheng saline lake

ABSTRACT This work described a novel halotolerant phage, JMT-1, with a spherical morphology. JMT-1, which was isolated from a hypersaline lake, could produce clear plaques on Chromohalobacter sp. LY7-3. The purified virions are spherical, have no visible tail, and are about 3050 nm in diameter. JMT-1 has a wide host range, and this study showed that the phage can infect at least five halophilic bacteria. The proteins of JMT-1 were analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and six proteins were detected. Results show that JMT-1 is a bacteriophage with a linear double-stranded DNA. Meanwhile, the genome is approximately 23 kb in length and is sensitive to the restriction endonucleases Bam I, EcoR I, Hind III and Kpa I. JMT-1 has a high titer, approaching 1.5 × 109 pfu/mL after dilution to 106 pfu/mL. The phage is also sensitive to chloroform but not to temperature, pH, and lowered salt concentration. JMT-1 is a spherical lytic halotolerant phage with a wide host range and has the tolerance to specific extreme environments. These data could provide references for studying phage resources in extreme environments and would also provide the useful methods for isolation and identification of other valuable phage in the salt lake environment.

JMT-1: a novel, spherical lytic halotolerant phage isolated from Yuncheng saline lake

ABSTRACT This work described a novel halotolerant phage, JMT-1, with a spherical morphology. JMT-1, which was isolated from a hypersaline lake, could produce clear plaques on Chromohalobacter sp. LY7-3. The purified virions are spherical, have no visible tail, and are about 30-50 nm in diameter. JMT-1 has a wide host range, and this study showed that the phage can infect at least five halophilic bacteria. The proteins of JMT-1 were analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and six proteins were detected. Results show that JMT-1 is a bacteriophage with a linear double-stranded DNA. Meanwhile, the genome is approximately 23 kb in length and is sensitive to the restriction endonucleases Bam I, EcoR I, Hind III and Kpa I. JMT-1 has a high titer, approaching 1.5 × 109 pfu/mL after dilution to 10−6 pfu/mL. The phage is also sensitive to chloroform but not to temperature, pH, and lowered salt concentration. JMT-1 is a spherical lytic halotolerant phage with a wide host range and has the tolerance to specific extreme environments. These data could provide references for studying phage resources in extreme environments and would also provide the useful methods for isolation and identification of other valuable phage in the salt lake environment.

Gene Analysis for the Sudden Death of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by Whole Exome Sequencing / 法医学杂志

Objective To analyze the related pathogenicity gene mutations in a sudden death of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) on whole exome level.Methods Whole exome sequencing (WES) was been performed on a sudden death case sample with pathological features of HCM by Illumina(R) Hiseq 2500 platform.Using hgl9 as the reference sequences,the sequencing data were analyzed.Suspicious single nucleotide variants (SNV) were screened,and the conservatism and function were analyzed by the software such as PhyloP,PolyPhen-2,SIFT,etc.Results After screening,a heterozygous mutation C719R was finally identified in the gene MYBPC3 of this case.Conclusion The molecular anatomy on whole exome level by second generation sequencing technology can help to define the molecular mechanism of HCM and provide a new mothed and thought for analysis of death cause.

New outpatient mode based on mobile internet for pregnancy nutrition / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To explore a new outpatient mode for pregnancy nutrition to adapt to digital hospital.Methods The outpatient management mode and methods were analyzed for pregnancy nutrition.A new outpatient mode combining the technologies of mobile internet and remote monitoring was developed with consideration on standardization,and the effect of the new mode was discussed on pregnancy nutrition outpatient.Results Mobile internet technology and remote monitoring technology contributed to enhancing the efficiency of pregnancy nutrition outpatient,and facilitated the nutrition service of common pregnant women as well as the precision and individualized nutrition management of high-risk ones such as those with gestational diabetes mellitus.Conclusion The new outpatient mode enhances the doctor's efficiency and pregnancy care,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

An open air research study of blast-induced traumatic brain injury to goats / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>PURPOSE</b>We once reported blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) in confined space. Here, bTBI was studied again on goats in the open air using 3.0 kg trinitrotoluene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The goats were placed at 2, 4, 6 and 8 m far from explosion center. Trinitrotoluene (TNT) was used as the source of the blast wave and the pressure at each distance was recorded. The systemic physiology, electroencephalogram, serum level of S-100 beta, and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were determined pre and post the exposure. Neuroanatomy and neuropathology were observed 4 h after the exposure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Simple blast waveforms were recorded with parameters of 702.8 kPa-0.442 ms, 148.4 kPa-2.503 ms, 73.9 kPa-3.233 ms, and 41.9 kPa-5.898 ms at 2, 4, 6 and 8 m respectively. Encephalic blast overpressure was on the first time recorded in the literature by us at 104.2 kPa-0.60 ms at 2 m, where mortality and burn rate were 44% and 44%. Gross examination showed that bTBI was mainly manifested as congestive expansion of blood vessels and subarachnoid hemorrhage, which had a total incidence of 25% and 19% in 36 goats. Microscopical observation found that the main pathohistological changes were enlarged perivascular space (21/36, 58%), small hemorrhages (9/36, 25%), vascular dilatation and congestion (8/36, 22%), and less subarachnoid hemorrhage (2/36, 6%). After explosion, serum levels of S-100b and NSE were elevated, and EEG changed into slow frequency with declined amplitude. The results indicated that severity and incidence of bTBI is related to the intensity of blast overpressure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Blast wave can pass through the skull to directly injure brain tissue.</p>

Dynamic signal pathway changes of signal transducer and activator of transcription factor-3 in hippocampal neurons induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation in vitro / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To observe the phosphorylation level and nuclear translocation of signal transducer and activator of transcription factor-3 (STAT3) in hippocampal neurons induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation in vitro and discuss the dynamic changes of STAT3 signal pathway in an in vitro cell model of brain hypoxia and ischemia.Methods Hippocampal neurons from newly born SD rats (within 24 hours from birth) were cultured with DMEM/F12 for nine days,and then were transferred to oxygen and glucose deprivation environment for four hours to establish experimental cell models.The distribution of phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) in the hippocampal neurons in different groups was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope after immunofluorescence staining.Expression intensity of p-STAT3 at different time points after oxygen and glucose deprivation in the hippocampal neurons was detected by Western blotting.Results Expression of p-STAT3 was unobvious in the nucleus of the control group,but it was observed in the nucleus of the model group one hour after modeling,and peaked at three hour.Expression levels of p-STAT3 in the hippocampal neurons at each time point between the two groups showed significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Oxygen and glucose deprivation induces noticeable up-regulation of p-STAT3 in the hippocampal neuronal nucleus,which indicates the overactivation of signal transduction pathway of STAT3.

Application of computer assisted navigation in the treatment of unilateral zygomatic complex fractures / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of computer assisted navigation system in the treatment of unilateral zygomatic complex fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five patients with unilateral zygomatic complex fractures were included in this study.Preoperative design, intraoperative real-time navigation and postoperative evaluation with chromatogram were executed in the unaffected and affected side.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Using computer assisted navigation system, the position and direction of the affected side of the unilateral zygomatic complex fracture were confirmed and shown real-time on the screen. The global maximal deviation was less than 2 mm between the affected side and the mirror side of the healthy side with chromatogram.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Computer assisted navigation system can instruct the treatment of unilateral zygomatic complex fractures effectively. The global comparison with chromatogram is more objective for the unilateral zygomatic complex fractures.</p>